Kolkata: Repeated episodes of fainting and vomiting in a 61-year-old woman were initially suspected to be linked to fluctuations in blood sugar levels caused by her long-standing diabetes. However, further medical investigation revealed a more serious underlying condition – two brain aneurysms.
The woman, a resident of Kolkata whose name has been changed, was experiencing recurrent fainting spells and vomiting. Considering the repeated episodes, doctors at Manipal Hospital Mukundapur recommended Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA), an advanced imaging procedure used to examine blood vessels in detail.
The investigation revealed two brain aneurysms, a condition in which a weakened section of an artery wall bulges outward. Such aneurysms can remain undetected for years, often without producing noticeable symptoms. However, if an aneurysm ruptures, it can cause bleeding in or around the brain and become life-threatening.
Medical experts identify ageing, high blood pressure and smoking among the major risk factors. Certain genetic conditions and a family history of brain aneurysms may also increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Symptoms can vary from patient to patient. While some people may not experience any noticeable signs, others may develop headaches, visual disturbances or pain around the eyes. A sudden, extremely severe headache, vomiting, neck stiffness and loss of consciousness may indicate a ruptured aneurysm and require immediate medical attention.
Following the diagnosis, the medical team opted for a minimally invasive neurointerventional procedure to treat the aneurysms. The technique involves using specialised catheters, guided by real-time imaging, to reach the affected blood vessels without the need for conventional open surgery. Depending on the condition, doctors may use tiny coils or other specialised techniques to reduce blood flow into the aneurysm and lower the risk of rupture.
Speaking about the case, Dr Sukalyan Purkayastha, Director – Neurointerventional & Endovascular Surgery, Imaging Sciences & Interventional Radiology, Manipal Hospital Mukundapur, said that brain aneurysms can remain silent for a long time, making timely investigation important when patients experience recurring symptoms.
He added that in this case, further evaluation helped identify the underlying condition and enabled the medical team to proceed with appropriate treatment.
The case highlights why recurring symptoms such as fainting and vomiting should not automatically be attributed to existing medical conditions such as diabetes. Detailed evaluation and timely diagnosis can play a crucial role in identifying potentially life-threatening neurological conditions before serious complications develop.
